http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/services/Feed ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 In situ X-ray diffraction method to study natural gas hydrates http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:25854 We have recently developed an in-situ method to study the crystallisation of natural gas hydrates using synchrotron X-rays at Daresbury Laboratory. The novel technique involved the construction of a high pressure, large volume cell to grow hydrate material, and the use of energy-dispersive powder diffraction on Station 16.4 to probe crystal development. The first experiment was the observation of diffraction patterns from carbon dioxide/water during hydrate formation and subsequently the method was used to study the propane system. In this, structural results and the development of diffraction peaks as a function of time were obtained. 2013-06-17T10:21:11.642Z ]]> The Kinetics of dehydration in Ca-montmorillonite : an in situ X-ray diffraction study http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:25857 The thermal dehydration of naturally occurring Ca-montmorillonite has been studied by in situ X-ray diffraction at temperatures between 60-120°C. The time-temperature-dependence of the position of the basal (001) reflection reveals that interlayer water loss on isothermal dehydration occurs in two stages. After an initial rapid decrease in interlayer spacing (on shock heating to an isothermal soak temperature) the reaction proceeds towards equilibrium more slowly. Furthermore, the width of the (001) reflection changes with time, reflecting transformation-dependent changes in homogeneity perpendicular to (001) with a maximum in peak width at the point where the rate of the reaction appears to change. This suggests that, as the interlayer spacing collapses, a local change is induced in the structure, affecting the means of movement of the water from the interlayer. 2013-06-17T10:21:11.635Z ]]> Texture determination by energy-dispersive XRD http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:25860 Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation has a number of advantages for determination of crystallographic texture, and we present an instrument for use on Station 16.4 of the Daresbury SRS, designed primarily for texture studies on surface layers. The instrument allows measurement at low angles of incidence to enhance surface sensitivity. It can typically acquire texture information at 176 (ψ, φ) orientation points in around 2 h, and provides a complete set of pole figures simultaneously. 2013-06-17T10:21:09.987Z ]]> A New three-angle energy-dispersive diffractometer http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:25862 A novel energy-dispersive diffractometer has been designed in which diffraction patterns can be collected simultaneously at three angles. This results in a much wider overall coverage of reciprocal space and a matching of the X-ray source and detection system to chosen regions of a pattern so that quantitative analysis is considerably enhanced. We predict a wide acceptance of the technique for in situ studies and multi-phase analysis. 2013-06-17T10:21:09.117Z ]]> Engineering yeast for efficient cellulose degradation http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:26068 Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces several β-1,3-glucanases, but lacks the multicomponent cellulase complexes that hydrolyse the β-1,4-linked glucose polymers present in cellulose-rich biomass as well as in haze-forming glucans in certain wines and beers. We have introduced into S. cerevisiae a functional cellulase complex for efficient cellulose degradation by cloning the Endomyces fibuliger cellobiase (BGL1) gene and co-expressing it with the Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens endo-β-1,4-glucanase (END1), the Phanerochaete chrysosporium cellobiohydrolase (CBH1) and the Ruminococcus flavefaciens cellodextrinase (CEL1) gene constructs in this yeast. The END1, CBH1 and CEL1 genes were inserted into yeast expression/secretion cassettes. Expression of END1, CBH1 and CEL1 was directed by the promoter sequences derived from the alcohol dehydrogenase II (ADH2), the phosphoglycerate kinase I (PKG1) and the alcohol dehydrogenase I (ADH1) genes, respectively. In contrast, BGL1 was expressed under the control of its native promoter. Secretion of End1p and Cel1p was directed by the signal sequence of the yeast mating pheromone α-factor (MFα1), whereas Cbh1p and Bgl1p were secreted using their authentic leader peptides. The construction of a fur1 ura3 S. cerevisiae strain allowed for the autoselection of this multicopy URA3-based plasmid in rich medium. S. cerevisiae transformants secreting biologically active endo-β-1,4-glucanase, cellobiohydrolase, cellodextrinase and cellobiase were able to degrade various substrates including carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, laminarin, barley glucan, cellobiose, polypectate, birchwood xylan and methyl-β-d-glucopyranoside. This study could lead to the development of industrial strains of S. cerevisiae capable of converting cellulose in a one-step process into commercially important commodities. 2013-06-17T10:20:06.233Z ]]> The liquidity of automated exchanges : new evidence from German Bund futures http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:25996 Previous literature has suggested that automated exchanges such as the Deutsche Terminborse (DTB) may be less liquid than their open-outcry counterparts such as the London International Financial Futures Exchange (LIFFE), although evidence provided on this issue has been mixed. This paper provides new evidence on the relative magnitudes of bid-ask spreads in the Bund contract traded on the DTB and LIFFE using intraday data from a period in which each exchanges share of total Bund trading was closer than previous research. The findings suggest that quoted bid-ask spreads are wider on the LIFFE than the DTB, even after controlling for their determinants. Furthermore, bid-ask spreads on the DTB increase more rapidly as price volatility increases relative to the LIFFE. Overall, this evidence implies that while automated exchanges are capable of providing more liquidity than floor traded exchanges, the relative performance of automated exchanges deteriorates during periods of higher volatility. 2013-06-12T05:20:08.579Z ]]> Optimising sitting balance after stroke : from science to the clinic http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:25874 2 page(s) 2013-06-11T05:21:57.185Z ]]> Effects of real and imagined training on voluntary muscle activation during maximal isometric contractions http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:25836 In this study we directly tested the hypothesis that isometric strength training increases voluntary drive to muscles. In addition, it was attempted to replicate the findings of an earlier study that showed imagined training increases voluntary strength as much as actual training, as this finding provides key support for the hypothesis that training increases voluntary drive (Yue and Cole 1992). Fifty-four subjects were randomly allocated to groups that performed 8 weeks of isometric training of the elbow flexor muscles, imagined isometric training, or a control task involving the lower limbs. Voluntary isometric strength and activation of the elbow flexor muscles were measured before and after training. Voluntary activation was measured with a sensitive form of twitch interpolation. Training, imagined training and control groups increased voluntary isometric elbow flexor strength by means of 17.8% (±3.1 SEM), 6.8% (+2.6) and 6.5% (±3.0), respectively. The training group increased in strength significantly more than imagined training and control groups (P = 0.01 for both comparisons), but the small difference between imagined training and control groups was not significant (P = 0.31). Prior to training, voluntary activation of all subjects was high (96.2 ± 0.5%). This did not change significantly with training and there were no significant differences between groups. These data challenge the hypothesis that training of the elbow flexor muscles increases isometric strength by inducing adaptations of the central nervous system, because they show that training does not increase voluntary activation and imagined training does not increase strength. 2013-06-04T09:11:40.923Z ]]> Cheap blonde http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:25427 A short study of the relationship between words and meaning. Short film, 5mins 16mm/BetacamSP Colour. Director/Camera/Edit/Sound - Janet Merewether; Video to film transfer - Toula Anastas; Mix - Greg Fitzgerald. 2013-05-09T09:35:10.725Z ]]> Location estimators for interferometric fringes http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:25435 Future global astrometry missions have targeted the determination of positions, parallaxes, and annual proper motions to the 10 μas level. This can be achieved through the use of fringe imaging interferometers, possibly featuring wide fields of view (e.g., Fizeau configurations). The basic location information is to be extracted from the fringe pattern by proper implementation of the detection system and proper exploitation of the focal plane data. The sampling resolution requirements are a key trade-off issue between science and engineering: therefore, fringe acquisition by means of realistic detectors and the resulting accuracy in photocenter location is discussed herein. The location performance is described as a X2 minimization problem; the resulting expressions are then evaluated in analytical form and by means of a Monte Carlo simulation, whch provide good agreement. In order to achieve the limiting interferometer accuracy, 8-10 pixels per fringe period are required, whereas a sampling resolution of 4-5 pixels per period provides a 30% degradation. We evaluate the location accuracy degradation induced by progressively reduced fringe visibility and increasing noise level. The former provides a smooth performance reduction, acceptable to a wide extent; read-out noise is critical because the fringe pattern signal is recorded over many pixels, each providing a comparable contribution to the overall noise. 2013-05-09T09:35:10.012Z ]]> International aid and sustainable energy futures in the Pacific Islands http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:25191 "June 1997" 2013-04-11T11:20:36.285Z ]]> Personal identity, multiple personality disorder, and moral personhood http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:24900 Marya Schechtman argues that psychological continuity accounts of personal identity, as represented by Derek Parfit's account, fail to escape the circularity objection. She claims that Parfit's deployment of quasi‐memory (and other quasi‐psychological) states to escape circularity implicitly commit us to an implausible view of human psychology. Schechtman suggests that what is lacking here is a coherence condition, and that this is something essential in any account of personal identity. In response to this I argue first that circularity may be escaped using quasi‐psychological states even with the addition of the coherence condition. Second, I argue that there is something right about the coherence condition, and a major task of this paper is to identify its proper theoretical role. I do so by reflection on integration therapies for people with multiple personality disorder (MPD). The familiar distinction between the moral and the metaphysical concept of the person is developed alongside such reflection. Connecting these two issues I argue that coherence acts as a normative constraint on accounts of personal identity, but that the normative dimension of personhood is not essential to our notion of a person tout court. 2013-03-28T02:25:25.213Z ]]> Preparing capable Australian Defence Force personnel for peace operations: principles and foundations http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:20061 "September, 1997" 2013-01-02T03:29:27.543Z ]]> Multiaccess fading channels-part I : polymatroid structure, optimal resource allocation and throughput capacities http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:22956 In multiaccess wireless systems, dynamic allocation of resources such as transmit power, bandwidths, and rates is an important means to deal with the time-varying nature of the environment. In this two-part paper, we consider the problem of optimal resource allocation from an information-theoretic point of view. We focus on the multiaccess fading channel with Gaussian noise, and define two notions of capacity depending on whether the traffic is delay-sensitive or not. In part I, we characterize the throughput capacity region which contains the long-term achievable rates through the time-varying channel. We show that each point on the boundary of the region can be achieved by successive decoding. Moreover, the optimal rate and power allocations in each fading state can be explicitly obtained in a greedy manner. The solution can be viewed as the generalization of the water-filling construction for single-user channels to multiaccess channels with arbitrary number of users, and exploits the underlying polymatroid structure of the capacity region. In part II, we characterize a delay-limited capacity region and obtain analogous results. 2012-11-28T02:27:02.351Z ]]> Multiaccess fading channels-Part II: Delay-limited capacities http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:22958 In multiaccess wireless systems, dynamic allocation of resources such as transmit power, bandwidths, and rates is an important means to deal with the time-varying nature of the environment. In this two-part paper, we consider the problem of optimal resource allocation from an information-theoretic point of view. We focus on the multiaccess fading channel with Gaussian noise, and define two notions of capacity depending on whether the traffic is delay-sensitive or not. In Part I, we have analyzed the throughput capacity region which characterizes the long-term achievable rates through the time-varying channel. However, the delay experienced depends on how fast the channel varies. In the present paper, Part II, we introduce a notion of delay-limited capacity which is the maximum rate achievable with delay independent of how slow the fading is. We characterize the delay-limited capacity region of the multiaccess fading channel and the associated optimal resource allocation schemes. We show that successive decoding is optimal, and the optimal decoding order and power allocation can be found explicitly as a function of the fading states; this is a consequence of an underlying polymatroid structure that we exploit. 2012-11-28T02:26:58.344Z ]]> Outage probabilities in CDMA networks with Poisson traffic http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:22957 In the present paper, we consider a very general model of mobility, and investigate the spatial distribution of active mobile calls in the system at an arbitrary time t. We show that the set of active mobile locations forms a Poisson process in space. We consider a CDMA model with shadowing and distance-dependent path loss, and with soft handoff. We show that the set of active users in each cell (at time t) forms an independent Poisson process in space. We use Campbell's Theorem to characterize the first two moments of the interference of other-cell users at each cell-site, and in this way obtain a Gaussian approximation for the other-cell interference at time t. We consider an example and use this approximation to calculate outage probabilities and compare with simulation. Our work combines the theory of Poisson processes reviewed in [3], with that of CDMA traffic modeling. Due to the length limitation of the present paper, we do not have the opportunity here to develop the notation and theorems of Poisson processes, and refer the reader to [3] whenever we need to draw on this theory. 2012-11-28T02:26:57.963Z ]]> Effective bandwidths in wireless networks with multiuser receivers http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:22959 To meet the increasing capacity demand on wireless networks, there have been intense efforts in the past decade on developing multi-user receiver structures which mitigate the interference between users in spread-spectrum and antenna array systems. While much of the research is performed at the physical layer, the capacity of networks with multi-user receivers and the associated resource allocation problems are less well-understood. In this paper, we show that under some conditions, the capacity of a single cell for several important receivers can be very simply characterized via a notion of effective bandwidth: the QoS requirements of all the users can be met if and only if the sum of the effective bandwidths of the users is less than the total number of degrees of freedom in the system. The number of degrees of freedom is the processing gain in a spread-spectrum system and the number of antenna elements in an antenna array. The effective bandwidth of a user depends only on its own QoS requirement, expressed in terms of the desired signal-to-interference ratio. It is hoped that such an abstraction of resource requirement will help in bridging the resource allocation problems at the networking layer and multi-user techniques at the physical layer. 2012-11-28T02:26:54.886Z ]]> Textual realisations: a comparison of meaning in children's picture story books, comics, photonovellas, film/television/videos and computer books http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:22737 Thesis (Ph.D.)--Macquarie University, Dept. of Linguistics, 1998. 2012-11-08T08:01:46.589Z ]]> Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy of polyacrylamide gels (PAGs) for radiation dosimetry http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:22622 11 page(s) 2012-11-05T02:22:06.617Z ]]> Experimental procedure for the manufacture and calibration of polyacrylamide gel (PAG) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiation dosimetry http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:22629 8 page(s) 2012-11-05T02:21:51.907Z ]]> Unique cardiac and cerebral anomalies with chondrodysplasia punctata http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:21558 Chondrodysplasia punctata (CDP) is associated with a variety of genetic and nongenetic conditions. We report a girl with CDP, complex congenital cardiac disease, central nervous system (CNS) anomalies, and clinical findings that resemble those of the sibs described by Toriello et al. [1993, Am J Med Genet 47:797-799]. The cardiac defects and CNS abnormalities reported are unique in the context of CDP and may serve to expand the phenotypic spectrum of the unique form of CDP described by Toriello et al. [1993]. 2012-09-21T05:50:31.756Z ]]> Methylmalonic aciduria (cblF) : case report and response to therapy http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:21559 Methylmalonic acidemia can be secondary to a deficiency of methylmalonyl CoA mutase or to a defect of cobalamin metabolism that is classified by complementation group. We report on a new patient with cblF complementation group that is associated with an elevation of both methylmalonic acid and homocysteine, and her outcome in response to routine therapy and a dietary restriction. 2012-09-21T05:50:28.266Z ]]> Building Europe : culture, history and politics http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:21478 This article explores historically grounded connections between cultural and political identities, and how they persist in contemporary Europe within its multilateral or ‘supranational’ frameworks. It argues that nations remain the starting point (and for many the end point) for conceptions of belonging and of political legitimacy. While economic prosperity is an essential ingredient, the European project cannot be built or sustained by perceived common economic interests alone. In recent years this has been realised by élites in favour of integration and has resulted in an increased concentration on the cultural dimension. Creating and psychologically implanting a formula which activates a resolute belief in a ‘common cultural heritage’ has proven difficult however. By comparison historiographic influences and contemporary social referents are still overwhelmingly national in character. 2012-09-17T06:20:17.168Z ]]> Two models of contemporary public service wage determination in Australia http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:21019 There has been substantial change in industrial relations systems at federal and state level in Australia and this has had dramatic implications for public sector wage-fixing arrangements. This article outlines the main features of current systems for wage determination in the Australian public service and the public services of each state. While a complex and diverse set of regulations and wage-fixing mechanisms are in place in these seven jurisdictions, two models are emerging: one a collectivist, two-tiered model and the other a de-collectivist model which includes provision for individual agreements. The authors discuss the implications of the current wage-fixing systems and the two emerging models. 2012-09-10T16:41:18.149Z ]]> Germany, Europe, and the persistence of nations : transformation, interests and identity 1989-1996 http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:20772 1. Nations and Nationalism -- 2. Culture and Politics -- 3. German Identity before and after Reunification -- 4. German Domestic Policy, Politics and Economics -- 5. German Foreign Policy in a 'time with no name' -- 6. France, Germany and Europe -- 7. Britain, Germany and Europe -- 8. Europe and the Union: New Theatre, Old Actors. 2012-08-08T14:49:37.830Z ]]> Changes in the factors affecting fertility in Ghana during the early stages of the fertility decline http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:15828 A substantial decline in fertility levels in Ghana has occurred since the mid 1980s. This study uses data from the 1988 and the 1993 Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys to analyse the changing importance both of the proximate determinants of fertility and of demographic, socio-economic, cultural, and local factors affecting fertility in this West African country. The rising level of contraceptive use is found to be the main proximate cause of the decline in fertility. A woman's age, education, religion, place of residence and child mortality experience are found to be important factors affecting fertility indirectly. The most significant change in Ghanaian fertility has been the decline in fertility in urban areas outside the Greater Accra region. 2012-07-26T18:11:13.984Z ]]> Incorporating the effect of new and disappeared products into the cost of living : an alternative index number formula http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:19667 The current Consumer Price Index (CPI) Is a biased estimator of the true cost of living (COL). Incorrect treatment of quality change in existing products and the introduction of new products is known to be a major source of the bias. One of the practical problems that make it hard to properly incorporate the effect of newly introduced or disappeared products into the CPI is that the price of a new product in use pre-introduction period and the price of a disappeared product in the period it disappears are unobservable. The present paper introduces an index number formula which overcomes that problem. The index number formula is exact for the constant-elasticicy-of-subsututlon (CES) preference ordering if the elasticity of substitution is known. Unlike the formula introduced by Feenstra (1994). It separates a change in the COL into three parts, namely, new, disappeared and existing products. 2012-06-07T18:13:41.568Z ]]> Human rights : a searching reappraisal http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:17797 1 page(s) 2012-02-28T23:11:17.560Z ]]> A Psychogeriatric outreach service to nursing homes in Sydney http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:14194 Objective: To describe nursing home referrals to a multidisciplinary psychogeriatric outreach service. Methods: Retrospective case note audit of all nursing home referrals to a psychogeriatric outreach service in Sydney during 1996. Results: Of 106 referrals (mean age 76.9 years) from 22 nursing homes, 101 (95%) were assessed in the home. Behavioural problems were identified in 87 referrals (82%), usually being associated with chronic organic brain syndromes including dementia (n = 75, 86%). Aggressive behaviours (45%), agitation (32%), uncooperativeness (17%) and vocally disruptive behaviour (16%) were the most frequently identified problems. Depression was diagnosed in 33 referrals (31%), often comorbid with dementia (n = 16). Multiple diagnoses were present in 58 (55%) referrals. The most frequent treatment recommendations related to the use of nursing interventions (73%), psychotropic medication (70%), behavioural programs (29%) and family involvement (29%). Admission to the acute psychogeriatric ward occurred in 18 cases (17%). Conclusion: Psychogeriatric services should provide adequately staffed outreach teams to nursing homes. 2011-08-01T06:25:35.215Z ]]> Guy of Warwick and other chapbook romances : six tales from the popular literature of pre-industrial England http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:13914 Introduction : why read chapbooks? -- Guy of Warwick (Prose) -- Guy of Warwick (Verse) -- The seven champions of Christendom -- Parismus -- Valentine and Orson -- The seven wise masters of Rome. 2011-07-01T02:20:47.398Z ]]> Philosophy and memory traces : Descartes to connectionism http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:13086 Philosophy and memory traces defends two theories of autobiographical memory. One is a bewildering historical view of memories as dynamic patterns in fleeting animal spirits, nervous fluids which rummage through the pores of brain and body. The other is new connectionism, in which memories are 'stored' only superpositionally, and reconstructed rather than reproduced. Both models, argues John Sutton, depart from static archival metaphors by employing distributed representation, which brings interference and confusion between memory traces. Both raise urgent issues about control of the personal past, and about relations between self and body. Sutton demonstrates the role of bizarre body fluids in moral physiology, as philosophers from Descartes and Locke to Coleridge struggled to control their own innards and impose cognitive discipline on 'the phantasmal chaos of association'. Going on to defend connectionism against Fodor and against critics of passive mental representations, he shows how problems of the self are implicated in cognitive science. 2011-05-25T21:48:44.528Z ]]> An exploration into the world of experience: a systemic-functional interpretation of the grammar of Japanese http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:12392 Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, School of English, Linguistics and Media, 1998. 2011-04-04T03:11:21.481Z ]]> Development of resistance to insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in transfected T47D breast cancer cells http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:12315 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) has antiproliferative effects in many cell types but paradoxical growth stimulation has also been reported. In early passages following transfection of T47D breast cancer cells with IGFBP-3 cDNA, the proliferation rate and serum-stimulated DNA synthesis were significantly reduced compared to control cells. Cell cycle analysis indicated that growth-inhibited IGFBP-3-producing cells accumulated in G1phase. After several passages, the transfected cells became resistant to the inhibitory effects of IGFBP-3 and showed transiently enhanced proliferation rates despite an increased IGFBP-3 concentration in the medium. IGFBP-3 proteolysis did not account for its decreased antiproliferative activity in resistant cells. We hypothesize that development of resistance to the antiproliferative action of IGFBP-3 might be an important step in the malignant progression of breast cancer cells. 2011-03-24T13:20:21.899Z ]]> Late Triassic volcanism of the Ipswich Basin http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:12159 "December, 1997". 2011-03-10T12:50:34.102Z ]]> Fashioning a new Korean model out of the crisis : the rebuilding of institutional capabilities http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:11713 This article argues that the Korean model, while being remarkably effective in its early decades, had outgrown its institutional shell by the 1990s, and was in need of the reforms that were hastened by the 1997 financial crisis. The article is based on an analysis of the IMF rescue package that was introduced in two stages in December 1997. It can be demonstrated that it represented three agendas at work — a conventional IMF agenda, a US trade and investment opening agenda, as well as a Korean-imposed institutional reform agenda. It is this latter reform agenda that has shaped the restructuring initiatives taken in Korea in 1998. 2011-02-09T13:11:01.484Z ]]> UV laser ablation and irm-GCMS microanalysis of ¹⁸O/¹⁶O and ¹⁷O/¹⁶O with application to a calcium-aluminium-rich inclusion from the Allende meteorite http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:11663 Analyses of ¹⁸O/¹⁶O and ¹⁷O/¹⁶O in silicate and oxide minerals by UV laser ablation of 100 × 80 × 50 μm sample pits combined with irm-GCMS yield precision and accuracy similar to that of conventional methods. This represents a 100-fold reduction in minimum size relative to other fluorination methods based on gas-source mass spectrometry and enables high-precision in-situ intracrystalline analysis of silicate minerals. Analyses of almandine, forsterite, and schorl of known isotopic compositions indicate an analytical precision of ±0.3‰ (1σ) in δ¹⁸O and ±0.4 in δ¹⁷O with an accuracy of similar magnitude. Application to meteoritic samples is demonstrated by in-situ analysis of pyroxene and melilite from a type B CAI inclusion from the Allende meteorite. The CAI data adhere to the carbonaceous chondrite anhydrous mineral line defined by conventional macroscopic fluorination methods and demonstrate that non-mass dependent differences of 1‰ amu⁻¹ are discernible. The unique combination of analytical and spatial resolution afforded by the new UV laser microprobe will allow high-precision mapping of the distribution of anomalous oxygen in minerals from calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions on a previously unattainable scale. 2011-02-07T01:20:16.258Z ]]> Efficient generation of near diffraction-limited beam-quality output from medium-scale copper vapor laser oscillators http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:11635 Operation of copper vapor lasers (CVL's) using on-axis unstable resonators with very high magnifications M is characterized. A single medium-scale device (1-m-long, 25-mm-diameter bore) with M=360 is capable of delivering 10 W of high-beam-quality (HBQ) output with a divergence of less than two times the diffraction limit at a wall-plug efficiency of 0.5%. The enhanced performance is achieved by tailoring the radial profiles of the initial amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) seed and gain, by means of varying the total neon buffer gas pressure, the partial hydrogen (H₂) content of the buffer gas, and power loading of the laser head. The degree of insulation of the plasma tube is found to be an important design criterium for optimizing the HBQ performance. These results indicate that efficient generation of HBQ output from medium-scale CVL's requires both a high degree of thermal insulation and operation at high buffer gas pressures with ambient H₂ concentrations of the order of 1%. 2011-02-04T05:20:57.666Z ]]> Music experiences for toddlers in daycare: an Australian study http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:11023 "June, 1997" 2010-12-21T23:10:07.989Z ]]> Translational semiotic communication: a transdisciplinary perspective http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:9736 "1997". 2010-10-14T04:40:15.819Z ]]> NSW.net : setting the Net to secure the future of NSW public libraries http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:1386 NSW.net is a new state-wide communications infrastructure designed to facilitate both cost effective access to the Internet and sharing of information for public libraries, local government and local communities in NSW. This paper describes the background, progress to date and future plans for NSW.net and highlights strategic and practical issues arising from its planning and implementation. 2010-09-21T08:25:43.365Z ]]> Children's understanding of the number system http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:9190 Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, School of Education, 1998. 2010-08-12T08:00:24.024Z ]]> NSW.net : securing the future of New South Wales public libraries http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:1091 NSW.net is a new state-wide communications infrastructure designed to facilitate cost-effective access to the Internet and sharing of information for public libraries, local government and local communities in New South Wales. This article describes the background, progress to date and future plans for NSW.net and highlights strategic and practical issues arising from its planning and implementation. It is a revised and updated version of a paper presented at the 9th Biennial Victorian Association for Library Automation Conference and Exhibition, Melbourne, 28-30 January 1998. 2010-06-25T03:59:57.058Z ]]> Theoretical approaches to urban environmental planning http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:3010 Thesis (MSc)--Macquarie University, Graduate School of the Environment, 1998. 2010-03-03T23:10:09.458Z ]]> EIA in the Philippines: a comparative analysis with a focus on the role of donor agencies http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:2240 Thesis (MSc)--Macquarie University, Graduate School of the Environment, 1998. 2010-03-03T23:00:09.298Z ]]> The effects of industrial ototoxic agents and noise on hearing http://www.researchonline.mq.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:4578 A project submitted (to the Institute of Laryngology and Otology) as a requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Audiological Medicine, University College London. 2010-01-20T00:17:17.006Z ]]>